Your refrigerator has power — the light comes on when you open the door — but the inside remains warm, and food isn’t staying cold. This is a frustrating and potentially costly issue. When the refrigerator does not freeze but the light works, it’s often a sign that certain key components have failed while the electrical supply remains intact. In this article, we’ll explain why the refrigerator does not work properly even though it lights up, the possible causes behind it, what you can diagnose yourself, and when it’s time to call in a professional. Let’s look at the most common malfunctions.

1. Faulty Compressor

The compressor is the heart of your refrigerator’s cooling system. It compresses refrigerant and circulates it through the coils to remove heat from inside the appliance. If the compressor stops working, cooling stops — but the light inside may still turn on, as it runs on a separate electrical circuit.

Signs of compressor failure:

• The fridge is warm, and there’s no humming or vibration at the back. 
• The compressor starts but clicks off after a few seconds. 
• The fan runs, but the compressor stays silent. 

Compressor issues require professional diagnostics. In most cases, a burned-out compressor cannot be repaired and needs to be replaced.

2. Defective Start Relay or Overload Protector

The start relay helps the compressor turn on. If it malfunctions, the compressor won’t start, even though the power is on. The overload protector prevents the compressor from overheating — but if it fails, it might prevent the compressor from running altogether.

What you can do:

• Listen for a clicking sound near the compressor. 
• Unplug the refrigerator and remove the relay from the compressor (usually located at the back). 
• Shake the relay gently. If it rattles, it may be burned out. 

Replacing a faulty relay is usually inexpensive. But if a new relay doesn’t fix the issue, the compressor itself may be the problem.

3. Malfunctioning Thermostat

The thermostat controls when the compressor turns on and off based on the internal temperature. A broken thermostat might misread the temperature or fail to trigger the compressor entirely.

Self-check:

• Turn the thermostat dial to the coldest setting. 
• Listen for a click or the sound of the compressor starting. 
• If there’s no sound, the thermostat could be defective. 

While some thermostats are replaceable without technical skills, newer models with electronic control boards require a technician’s expertise.

4. Evaporator Fan Issues

In many refrigerators, an evaporator fan circulates cold air from the freezer compartment to the fridge. If this fan fails, cooling in the refrigerator section drops or stops altogether.

How to detect it:

• Open the freezer and listen for a fan. 
• If you don’t hear it or hear a strange noise, the fan might be blocked or broken. 

Sometimes, ice buildup or debris can obstruct the fan blades. You can try defrosting the unit for 24 hours (unplugged) to melt any ice. If the problem persists, call a technician.

5. Dirty Condenser Coils

Over time, condenser coils (usually found underneath or behind the fridge) collect dust and debris. Dirty coils prevent heat dissipation, which causes cooling performance to drop.

Maintenance tip:

• Unplug the refrigerator. 
• Use a coil brush or vacuum cleaner to remove dirt from the coils. 

Clean the coils at least twice a year to maintain efficiency. While this won’t solve a non-working compressor, it can improve cooling performance if dirty coils are the culprit.

6. Low Refrigerant Level or Leak

Refrigerant is essential for cooling. If your refrigerator has a leak or has lost refrigerant over time, the compressor may still run, but the appliance won’t cool. Only certified technicians can detect leaks and recharge refrigerant. This is not a DIY task and requires special tools and safety precautions.

When to Call the Professionals

If the refrigerator does not cool but lights up and simple troubleshooting doesn’t reveal the cause, it’s time to get expert help. Modern refrigerators are complex, and misdiagnosing the issue can lead to unnecessary expenses or further damage.

Trust San Diego Appliance Repair Service

Our certified technicians specialize in diagnosing and repairing all refrigerator brands and models. Whether the issue lies with the compressor, thermostat, fan, or another component, we can restore your refrigerator quickly and affordably. Don’t wait until spoiled food costs you more — contact San Diego Appliance Repair Service today and schedule a visit from a trusted professional.   Contact us (619) 719-5005   [email protected]